BIOL 2404 A&P Basics
Lecture Exam Two
Dr. Weis
Please submit your original answers only in a .doc (MSWord) or .rft (Corel WordPerfect) document as an email attachment to your instructor.
Endocrine (10 points)
1.1 Define hormone, give a chemical class and its mechanism of action. (3 points)
1.2 Fill in the following chart. (0.5 per blank, 7 points total)
Endocrine Structure |
Hormone |
Function at target Organ |
| a) Thyroid follicle | ||
| b) Adrenal Gland: Zona Glomerulosa | ||
| c) Hypothalamus | ||
| d) Pancreatic Islets | ||
| e) Anterior Pituitary | ||
| f) Parathyroid | ||
| g) Pineal |
Circulatory System (20 points)
2.1 Give the function for the following: (0.5 each, 2 points total)
2.2 Define hemostasis and name a phase. (1 point)
2.3 Explain the importance of Ca++ and Vitamin K to the cardiovascular system (heart, vessels, blood) [2 points]
2.4 Give the function of the following: (0.5 each, 2 points)
2.5 Name a haeart valve and give its function (1 point)
2.6 Explain the function of cardiac muscle as it relates to interacalated discs and striations. (1 point)
2.7 Give the formula for Cardiac Output and name a factor that can affect (change) each part of the formula. (2 points)
2.8 Name an ECG deflection wave seen on a normal Lead II tracing and explain its meaning. (1 point)
2.9 Define blood flow based on its formula and a factor that affects (changes) each part of the formula. (2 points)
2.10 Define the following: (0.5 each, 2 points total)
2.11 Fill in the following chart: (0.5 points per blank, 4 points total)
Region |
Vessel Name |
| a) Deep vein supplying the leg | |
| b) Artery supplying the arm | |
| c) Superficial vein supplying the arm | |
| d) Artery supplying a thoracic organ | |
| e) Artery supplying an abdominal organ | |
| f) Artery supplying blood to the brain | |
| g) Vein returing GI blood to the liver | |
| h) Superficial vein supplying the leg |
Lymphatic and Immune Systems (12 points)
3.1 Fill in the following chart: (0.5 per blank, 4 points total)
Organ |
Location |
Function |
| a) Spleen | ||
| b) Tonsils | ||
| c) Thymus | ||
| d) Lymph Node |
3.2 Define immunity and pathogen and give an example of a pathogen. (2 points)
3.3 Explain the difference between self antigen and foreign antigen. (1 point)
3.4 Fill in the following chart: (0.5 points per blank, 2 points total)
| Immune System | Specific Example |
| a) First line defense | |
| b) First line defense | |
| c) Second line defense | |
| d) Second line defense |
3.5 Compare and contrast the specific, 3rd line defense: Humoral and Cell Mediated immunity regarding: (3 points total)
Respiratory System (12 points)
4.1 Define respiration. Name a respiratory phase and how it is measured. (1.5 points)
4.2 Fill in the following chart. (0.5 points per blank, 4 points total)
Respiratory System |
Unique Function |
| a) pharynx | |
| b) trachea | |
| c) bronchiole | |
| d) larynx | |
| e) alveoli | |
| f) nasal cavity | |
| g) bronchus | |
| h) pleura |
4.3 Give the source and function of surfactant. (1 point)
4.4 Define TV, TLC, VC and give the instrument used to measure. (2 points)
4.5 How is oxygen and carbon dioxide primarily transported in the blood. (1 point)
4.6 Give the structure and the function of the respiratory membrane. (1.5 points)
4.7 Name a central and peripheral control for respiration. (1 point)
Digestive and Metabolism System (17 points)
5.1 Define the following terms. (0.5 points each, 4 points total)
5.2 Give the function of the following: (0.5 points each, 6 points total)
5.3 Fill in the following chart: (1 point per major group, 6 points total)
| Chemical | Example and its source | Function |
| a) Carbohydrate | ||
| b) Triglyceride | ||
| c) Protein | ||
| d) Water Soluble Vitamin | ||
| e) Fat soluble Vitamin | ||
| f) Mineral |
5.4 What is the CNS control for temperature and how can heat be given off to the environment. (1 point)
Renal System (10 points)
6.1 Name two hormones from the kidney and give their function at a target organ. (2 points)
6.2 Define the following terms (0.5 points each, 2 points total)
6.3 Name four NORMAL constituents (components) of urine. (2 points)
6.4 Give the function of the following structures: (0.5 points 2 points total)
6.5 Define pH. Name the two major systems involved in control and give the normal pH range for blood. (2 points)
Reproductive and Development Systems (19 points)
7.1 Define the following terms (0.5 points each, 2 points total)
7.2 Name two extra-embryonic membranes and their unique function. (2 points)
7.3 Name and define 2 stages of labor and a hormone that affectes this entire process. (3 points)
7.4 Name two of the three embryonic layers and an adult tissue that comes from these layers. (2 points)
7.5 Fill in the following chart (0.5 per blank, 10 points total)
Region |
Male Repro Structure |
Function |
Female Repro Structure |
Function |
| a) Duct | ||||
| b) gonad | ||||
| c) accessory | ||||
| d) external genitalia | ||||
| e) Hypothalmic control |
Extra Credt: (0.5 each, 5 points total)
Give a unique problem or condition for the following:
EC-1 Male Repro
EC-2 Female Repro
EC-3 Blood
EC-4 Heart / Vessels
EC-5 Endocrine
EC-6 Respiratory
EC-7 Renal
EC-8 Digestive
EC-9 Development
EC-10 Lymphatic/Immune