BIOL 2404 A&P Basics
Dr. Weis
Lecture Exam 2
Please send your orginal answers as a .doc or .rtf email attachment to your instructor. No resources are to be used for this test. Failure to follow directions given prior to or on this exam will result in loss of points.
All questions are 1 point each unless specified otherwise
1. Name four normal components of plasma (2 points)
2. Define target organ and explain why all organs are not target organs for all hormones.
3. Name two major types of heart valves; their location, and overall valve function. (3 points)
4. Explain the differences between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity regarding cell type and defense. (2 points)
5. Name and define a respiratory volume and a respiratory capacity.
6. Define the following terms: metabolism; absorption; digestion. (0.5 points each, 1.5 points total)
7. Name one hormone from the kideny and give its function.
8. Name an extra embryonic membrane and give its function.
9. Name the chambers of the heart and give their function. (2 points)
10. Define hemostasis and name & explain two phases. (3 points)
11. Fill in the following chart (0.5 points per blank, 5 points total)
| Lymphatic Organ/Tissue | Location | Function |
| a) Peyer's Patches | ||
| b) MALT | ||
| c) Spleen | ||
| d) Lymph Node | ||
| e) Tonsils |
12. Define blood pressure and name a factor that affect blood pressure. (1.5 points)
13. Name a first line body defense and a second line body defense (clearly indicate your examples).
14. Give the structure and function of the respiratory membrane.
15. Fill in the following chart. (0.5 points each 6 points total)
| Digestive Region or Structure | Function |
| a) Small Intestine | |
| b) Liver | |
| c) teeth | |
| d) Stomach | |
| e) Colon | |
| f) Gall bladder | |
| g) Pancreas | |
| h) Esophagus | |
| i) Salivary gland | |
| j) Appendix | |
| k) Tongue | |
| l) Pharynx |
16. Name the functional unit of the kidneys and the two types. (1 point)
17. Define fertilization and where it occurs.
18. Fill in the following chart (0.5 points per blank, 12 points total)
Reproduction |
Male Repro Structure |
Function |
Female Repro structure |
Function |
| a) Primary sex organ | ||||
| b) Duct/ tubule | ||||
| c) Accessory gland | ||||
| d) external genitalia | ||||
| e) gamete | ||||
| f) hormone |
19. Name two of the five components of the cardiac conduction system and give their function. (2 points)
20. Name a test that can be performed using blood.(0.5 points)
21. Define pulse and give a location.
22. Fill in the following chart. (0.5 points per blank, 7 points total)
| Endocrine Organ as Hormone Source | Hormone Name | Function of hormone at target |
| a) Adrenal Medulla | ||
| b) | GH | |
| c) | milk let down, ejection | |
| d) | ACTH | |
| e) Parathyroid gland | ||
| f) | Na+ reabsorption | |
| g) | T3, T4 |
23. Define the following terms: Cardiac Cycle; Systole; Cardiac Output; Diastole. (0.5 points each, 2 points total)
24. Name a fetal circulatory bypass and what it is bypassing.
25. Name an antibody class, give its strucutre, location, and function. (2 points)
26.Give the source and the function of surfactant.
27. Fill in the following chart: (0.5 points each, 5points total)
| Nutrient | Example | Function |
| a) Mineral | ||
| b) Vitamin | ||
| c) Lipid | ||
| d) Carbohydrate | ||
| e) Protein |
28. Define the following terms: Chemical buffer system; acid; pH; base; electrolyte (0.5 points each, 2.5 points total)
29. Name two embryonic germ (stem cell) layers and give an adult tissue derivative that comes from each embryonic layer. (2 points)
30. Define hormone, name a chemical class of hormones and describe its mechanism of action. (3 points)
31. Fill in the following chart: (0.5 points per blank, 3 points total)
| Formed Element | Function |
| a) RBC | |
| b) Platelet | |
| c) WBC |
32. Name a wave deflection seen on a Lead II EKG and give the meaning. (1 point)
33. Define artery, capillary, vein, and anastomoses. (0.5 points each, 2 points total)
34. Define immunity and give the two major divisions.
35. Fill in the following chart (0.5 points each, 3 points total)
| Region | Function |
| a) Nasal Cavity | |
| b) Trachea | |
| c) Bronchi | |
| d) alveoli | |
| e) Bronchioles | |
| f) Larynx |
36. Give the funciton of the following: Urethra; Ureter; JGA; Urinary Bladder (0.5 points, 2 points total)
37. Name a stage of labor and a hormone that controls labor.
38. Hematopoiesis occurs in ____________________and all formed elements arise from a common stem cell called ___________.
39. Fill in the following chart. (0.5 points per blank, 2 points total)
| Vessel Region | Specific vessel example |
| a) branch of thoracic aorta | |
| b) superificial vein | |
| c) branch of the aortic arch | |
| d) branch of abdominal aorta |
40.Define inflammation and give a cardinal (clinical) sign.
41. Define respiration. Name and explain two respiratory phases. Name a gas law that applies to the respiratory system. (4 points)
42. Define the following terms. (1 point each, 3 points total)
a) tubular secretion
b) glomerular filtration
c) tubular reabsorption
43. Define the following terms: Genotype and Phenotype. (0.5 points each, 1 point total)
Extra Credit (0.5 points each, 6 points total) Name a unique problem with these systems or areas
EC-1 Urinary
EC-2 Digestive
EC-3 Immune
EC-4 Blood
EC-5 Heart
EC-6 Blood Vessels
EC-7 Development/Genetics
EC-8 Respiratory
EC-9 Male Reproduction
EC-10 Female Reproduction
EC-11 Endocrine
EC-12 Lymphatic