BIOL 2404 A&P Basics
Lecture Exam I
Dr. Weis

Submit your original answers only in a MS Word (.doc or .rft) format as an email attachment to your instructor

Body Organization : 10 points total

1.1 Define homeostasis, how controlled, and the types of feed back mechanisms. [3 points]
1.2 Name two body planes, how they divide the body and a directional term associated with each. [3 points]
1.3 Name and define the levels of organization in the body. [3 points]
1.4 Define body cavity and give the two major divisions. [1 point]

Chemistry: 12 points total

2.1 Define energy and matter. [1 point]
2.2 Name the parts of the atom, their charge, location, and unique function. [3 points]
2.3 Name a chemical bond, explain how it is formed, and give a specific example. [1 point]
2.4 Give two chemically related examples as to why water is important body fluid. [1 point]
2.5 Define pH and give the scale range. [1point]
2.6 Give a function and example for the following: [5 points]

Cells: 9 points total

3.1 Name the three major parts of eukaryotic cells and give their function. [3 points]
3.2 Name and define a cell membrane transport. [1 point]
3.3 Define mitosis and name the phases in order. [2 points]
3.4 Define enzyme and give a specific example. [1 point]
3.5 Define transcription and translation. [2 points]

Tissues and Membranes: 9 points total

4.1 Define body membrane and give two specific examples. [2 points]
4.2 Name the four MAJOR tissue groups, their general function, and two specific examples for each. [6 points]
4.3 Explain the difference between regeneration and fibrosis. [1 point]

Integumentary System: 10 points total

5.1 Name three layers of the epidermis and give a general function for this region. [2 points]
5.2 Give the histological characteristic/makeup of the dermis and a function for this region. [1 point]
5.3 Give the histological characteristic/makeup of the hypodermis and a function for this region. [1 point]
5.4 Name two epidermal (skin) appendages and the function for each. [2 points]
5.5 Explain the rule of "9's". [1 point]
5.6 Explain the ABCD rule for skin cancers. [2 points]
5.7 Give the specific location and function of melanocytes. [1 point]

Skeletal System: 10 points total

6.1 Name two types of bone based on shape and give an example for each. [1 point]
6.2 Name two functions of bone tissue. [1 point]
6.3 Define ossification and name the two major types. [2 points]
6.4 Define joint and give a specific example. [1 point]
6.5 Fill in the following chart: [0.5 points per blank, 5 points total]

a) Bone Region Specific Bone Example (name)
b) Skull: Cranial bone  
c) Skull : Facial Bone  
d) Vertebra  
e) Girdle  
f) Arm: Upper region  
g) Arm : Lower Region  
h) Hand  
i) Leg: Upper region  
j) Leg: Lower region  
k) Foot  

Muscular System: 13 points total

7.1 Name the three types of muscle, their location, and a unique function for each. [3 points]
7.2 Name a specific part of the neuromuscular junction and its specialized function. [1 point]
7.3 Name the two proteins found in all muscle and what is specifically needed for each to work properly in contraction.
[2 points]
7.4 Define muscle twitch by its events. [1 point]
7.5 Fill in the following chart for muscles. [0.5 points each, 3 points total]

Muscle Region Specific muscle example (name)
a) Head or Neck  
b) Trunk  
c) Upper Arm  
d) Lower Arm  
e) Upper Leg  
f) Lower Leg  

7.6 Define the following terms: [0.5 points each, 3 points total]

Nervous System: 15 points total

8.1 Name a specific neuron type based on its anatomy and give its unique function. [1 point]
8.2 Name a neuron support cell, its location, and unique function. [1 point]
8.3 Explain the difference between depolarization and repolarization using ion movements and results. [1.5 points]
8.4 Define reflex arc using the components. [1.5 points]
8.4 Fill in the following chart regarding the function of these areas. [0.5 points each, 5 points total]

Brain Area Unique / Specialized Function
a) Cerebrum  
b) Cerebellum  
c) Diencephalon  
d) Midbrain  
e) Pons  
f) Medulla oblongata  
g) Spinal Cord  
h) Choroid Plexus  
i) Blood Brain Barrier  
j) Meninges  

8.5 Define spinal nerve plexus and give a location. [1 point]
8.5 Name two cranial nerves, their number, and function for each. [2 points]
8.6 Name the divisions of the autonomic nervous system and their unique effect on the body systems. [2 points]

Sensory System: 12 points total

9.1 Name an accessory structure of the eye and its function. [1 point]
9.2 Define refraction of light. [1 point]
9.3 Define sensory adaptation. [1 point]
9.4 Fill in the following chart regariding the sensory system. [0.5 points per blank, 7 points total]

Sensory Area Specific Receptor Name Nerve Associated
a) Day time vision    
b) Night time vision    
c) Hearing    
d) Equilibrium/Balance    
e) Gustation    
f) Olfaction    
g) Pressure / Touch    

9.5 Name a part of the fibruous tunic of the eye and give its function. [1 point]
9.6 Name a chamber of the eye, its fluid, and function. [1 point]

Extra Credit : [1 point each, 5 points total] NOTE: each problem needs to be unique to that system, different for each example.

EC a> Name two problems with the Nervous System
EC b> Name two problems with the Integumentary System
EC c> Name two problems with the Skeletal System
EC d> Name two problems with the Muscular System
EC e> Name two problems with the Special Senses