BIOL 2404 A&P Basics
Lecture Exam I
Dr. Weis
Please submit your original answers only in a .doc or .rtf formatted document as an email attachment to your instructor.
Body Organization [9 points]
1.1 Name the levers of organization of the body from largest to smallest and define each level. [5 points]
1.2. Explain how anatomy and physiology are related. [1 point]
1.3 Name a body plane, how it divides the body, and give an associated directional term. [1.5 points]
1.4 Give an example of how body planes are used in a clinical or hospital setting. [0.5 points]
Chemistry [8 points]
2.1 Define atom by listing its major parts, their location, and unique function. [3 points]
2.2 Name a chemical bond, describe how it is formed and give an example. [1 point]
2.3 Give a chemical property of water and explain its importance. [1 point]
2.4 Give the use of the following macromolecules (organic molecules) [2 points]
2.5 Define buffer system based on its components and function. [1 point]
Cell [10 points]
3.1 Define cell cycle and list all the events [3 points]
3.2 Give the end resulting chemicals for aerobic respiration. [1 point]
3.3 Explain the structure and function of the cell nucleus. [1 point]
3.4 Explain the complete structure and two functions for the plasma (cell) membrane. [2 points]
3.5 Give the components and function of the cytosol. [1 point]
3.6 Name and give the function of a non-membranous organelle. [1 point]
3.7 Name and give the function of a membranous organelle. [1 point]
Tissues [12 points]
4.1 Name an embyronic layer and its adult tissue derivative. [1 point]
4.2 Regarding tissue repair, define each of these terms Regeneration &. Fibrosis; and relate them to the cell cycle in question 3.1.
4.3 Define tissue membrane and give an example. [1 point]
4.4 Name the four types of tissues and a general function for each. [4 points]
4.5 Regarding these major tissue groups in 4.4, give a specific example for each type, its location, and unique function. [4 points]
Integumentary System [8 points]
5.1 Fill in the following chart [0.5 points per blank, 7points total]
Area of Integumentary System |
Cell type |
Function |
| a) Stratum Basale | ||
| b) Reticular Dermis | ||
| c) Sensory | ||
| d) Hypodermis | ||
| e) Sebaceous gland | ||
| f) Stratum corneum | ||
| g) Papillary dermis |
5.2 Name and explain a classification of burns. [1 point]
Skeletal System [12 points total]
6.1 Name a hormone and a vitamin that affect bone and explain their functional role. [2 points]
6.2 Define ossification. [1 point]
6.3 Define joint. Name type of joint based on its anatomy and physiology (ROM). [2 points]
6.4 Dfine the following terms: [0.5 points each, 2 points total]
a) Sinus
b) Foramen
c) Fontonelle
d) Fracture
6.5 Fill in the following chart. 0.5 points per example, 5 points total]
Body Region |
Bone example |
| a) Cranial bone | |
| b) Facial bone | |
| c) spinal column | |
| d) Girdle for upper appendage | |
| e) Upper arm | |
| f) Lower arm | |
| g) Upper leg | |
| h) Lower leg | |
| i) Girdle for lower appendage | |
| j) Thoracic cage |
Muscular System [12 points total]
7.1 Compare and contrast the three muscle types by their name, location, histological characteristic and unique function. [4.5 points]
7.2 Define the following terms: [0.5 points each, 3.5 points total]
a) Sarcomere
b) motor unit
c) muscle tone
d) insertion
e) lever arm system
f) muscle twitch
g) hernia
7.3 Fill in the following chart: [0.5 points per blank, 4 points total]
| Body region | Muscle name |
| a) Head | |
| b) Neck | |
| c) Thorax | |
| d) Abdominal | |
| e) Upper arm | |
| f) Lower arm | |
| g) Upper leg | |
| h) lower leg |
Nervous System [19 points total]
8.1 Name a CNS and a PNS neuroglial cell and give their function. [2 points]
8.2 Define the following terms: [0.5 points each, 2.5 points total]
a) RMP
b) hyperpolarization
c) Depolarization
d) Repolarization
e) Threshold
8.3 Define reflex arc using its components. [2 points]
8.4 Give the function of the meninges and give an example of a meninge. [1 point]
8.5 Fill in the following chart, [0.5 points per blank, 5 points total]
Brain area |
Unique function |
| a) Frontal lobe of cerebrum | |
| b) Cerebellum | |
| c) Hypothalamus | |
| d) Thalamus | |
| e) Parietal lobe of cerebrum | |
| f) Temporal lobe of cerebrum | |
| g) Spinal cord | |
| h) Pons | |
| i)Medulla oblongata | |
| j) Occipital lobe of cerebrum |
8.6 Name two cranial nerves, their number, type of nerve, and function. [2 points]
8.7 Define spinal nerve plexus. Name a region where this occurs and give a specific nerve from this plexus. [2 points]
8.8 Name the ANS divisions and how they affect the body. [2 points]
8.9 Name a neurotransmitter for the nervous system. [0.5 points]
Sensory System. [10 points total]
9.1 Define the following terms as they relate to the sensory system: [0.5 points each, 1.5 points total]
a) Adaptation
b) Refraction
c) Accommodation
9.2 Name an accessory structure for the eye and give its function. [1 point]
9.3 Fill in the following chart: [0.5 points per blank, 7.5 points total]
| Special Sense Area | Function for this Area | Specific receptor name for this sensory area | Nerve involved |
| a) Eye | |||
| b) Ear: Auditory | |||
| c) Nose | |||
| d) Tongue | |||
| e) Ear: Balance | |||
| f) Skin |
Extra Credit: [0.5 each, 5 points total]
Name a specific /unique problem with these systems or area levels. No duplication of problems for any system or level.
EC-1. Cellular level
EC-2 Tissues level
EC-3 Integumentary System
EC-4 Muscular System
EC-5 CNS : Nervous System
EC-6 Skeletal System
EC-7 Chemical level
EC-8 PNS: Nervous System
EC-9 Special Sensory: EYE
EC-10 Special Sensory: EAR