Biology 2404  A&P Basics  Cardiovascular            Review Sheet             Dr. Weis

1. Give the components of the cardiovascular system and general function.

2. Regarding  heart anatomy :

            a) give the location, size, shape, connective tissue coverings

b) Give the muscle wall layers of the heart

            c) Name the cardiac chambers and the internal structures & their functions.

            d) Give the associated great vessels related to the cardiac chambers

            e) Name the four cardiac valves, their location, function, and related structures

            f) Describe the pathway of coronary circulation

            g) Describe the histological anatomy of the myocardium

            h) Name two problems and two conditions / diseases related to heart anatomy.

3. Regarding cardiac physiology :

            a) List the structures, location, and function of the cardiac conduction system

            b) define systole and diastole

            c) define cardiac cycle and name the general events

            d) know when and why the heart sounds occur

            e) Define cardiac output (CO), its terms, and know the mathematical formula for CO.

            f) Know 4 regulation factors for stroke volume and heart rate

            g) Name two problems and two conditions / diseases related to heart physiology.

            h) Define ECG and the deflection waves seen on a bipolar limb lead tracing.

4. Regarding Blood Vessel Anatomy :

            a) Name the 5 types of blood vessels and the function of each.

            b) Give the histological anatomy of arteries, capillaries, and veins.

            c) Name the divisions of the aorta

            d) Give the major arterial blood supply to the head, upper limbs, trunk, lower limbs, and viscera

            e) Give the major venous return from the head/neck, upper limbs, trunk, lower limbs, and viscera

             f) Be able to discuss the arterial blood supply to the heart and brain

            g) Be able to discuss the hepatic portal system

            h) Explain the differences in fetal circulation in utero and after the birthing process

            i) Define anastomosis

5. Regarding Blood Vessel Physiology :

            a) Define pulse and give 4 palpation locations for taking a pulse

            b) Define blood pressure, how & when measured, & factors that affect blood pressure

            c) Define resistance and factors that affect blood vessel resistance

            d) Define interstitial fluid and plasma exchange at a capillary bed.

            e) Define filtration and absorption and factors that control these mechanisms in a

                        capillary bed.

            f) Name two types of capillaries

            g) Explain the difference between diffusion and osmosis

6. Explain the relationship between the cardiovascular system and other body systems.