Chapter 7 Lecture Review Questions

1. Define metabolism; name and explain the two major types and what is required during a metabolic reaction.

2. Name and explain the two major chemical reactions that involve water.

3. Give the cellular currency (energy) of the cell, how formed, and 4 uses in the cell.

4. Define redox reactions and explain where they occur.

5. Define enzyme as it relates to specific structure and function. Explain coenzyme and cofactor.

6. For glycolysis: explain where it occurs, the starting substrate, the ending products, the resulting ATP amount, and any special requirements for this reaction to occur.

7. Describe how lactic acid is formed.

8. For TCA (Kreb’s Cycle): explain where it occurs, the starting substrate, the ending products, the resulting ATP amount, and any special requirements for this reaction to occur.

9. For ETC: explain where it occurs, the starting substrate, the ending products, the resulting ATP amount, and any special requirements for this reaction to occur.

10. Explain how fats are metabolized for energy. Know the proper term for the chemical reaction, where it occurs, ending results, and how the fat byproducts move into an energy pathway.

11. Explain ketone production, normal use, and problems. Know an example of a ketone.

12. Explain how proteins are metabolized for energy. Know the proper terms involved in the chemical reactions, where it occurs, ending results, and where the amino acids can move into an energy pathway.

13. Explain how and where macronutrients are synthesized.

14. Name four hormones related to metabolism and their function.

15. Explain the effects of short term and long term fasting.

16. Name the vitamins and minerals involved with metabolism.