John Singer Sargent,
Man Reading

Summary - Response & Discussion Topics

Unit 4: The Study of Culture

Summary - Response Papers:

You will complete four (4) brief summary-response papers during the semester – due dates are listed on the course calendar.Your paper should be roughly 750-1,000 words – three typed double-spaced pages (12 point font). You may only choose 1 assignment from each "batch/block of units" of the class: one SR paper from units 1 through 3; one SR paper from units 4 through 6; one SR paper from units 7 through 10; one SR paper from units 11 through 14.

These writing assignments are to be submitted through Canvas. Click on "Assignments" located in the left hand panel on the course page. Next, click on the appropriate Unit - i.e., if you are choosing to submit a paper from this unit - click on unit 4 under Assignments. After clicking on Unit 4 you will see a Turnitin Assignment Inbox where you will submit/upload your paper.

Discussion Topics

Taking part in class discussions, though not mandatory, will let you earn "bonus points" that can add up to a full letter grade to your final grade for the course.

To contribute, click on "Discussions" located in the left hand panel on Canvas. Next, choose a discussion topic for this unit, click on it, read the prompt, and click on "Reply." Be sure that you add your name. For more sinformation on how to submit your comments and/or engage in the online class discussion, go to the "Frequently Asked Questions" page.

 

Unit 4: The Study of Culture

You may choose one of these options as one of your four required summary-response papers:

A. The goal of this summary-response paper is to compare two different cultures  - perhaps comparing a culture where you grew up to what you find here in the U.S. – or two different subcultures or a counter-culture to mainstream culture.

Using the following chart as a guide you will choose five different parts of culture that are located in at least three different institutional settings. For example, you can choose one from each column: “family norms,” political attitudes,” “economic values, “educational beliefs,” “religious traditions” (see the *** in the chart), or one from three different columns and two from another, or two from two different columns and one from a third column. Just be certain that at least three different institutional settings are covered.

 
Family
Polity
Economy
Religion
Education
Beliefs        
***
Values    
***
   
Attitudes  
***
     
Norms
***
       
Customs          
Traditions      
***
 

Briefly describe and compare the two different cultures, subculture, or counterculture you choose on these five parts of culture, making sure that you define the appropriate concepts (i.e., beliefs, values, attitudes, norms, customs, traditions).

Your essay should contain seven paragraphs: an introduction, five "labeled" examples (i.e., “family norms,”) and a conclusion.

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B. The Prelinger Archives: Moving Images contains short educational films depicting American culture that were produced and shown in the 1950s. These short films are in the “public domain” and may be downloaded for personal use.

For this summary-response paper you will view three (3) short educational films – each is 10 to 15 minutes in length – on “interpersonal relations” and “family life.” Your goal is to investigate cultural continuity and change – you will compare culture in the U.S. as it was presented in these films in the 1950s with our culture today. A list of films with a short synopsis is presented below.

In your essay you will first, summarize the “messages” these educational films present linking them up with sociological concepts that pertain to the different aspects of culture –  i.e., the cultural norms, beliefs, values, attitudes, and customs of the times. Be certain to define the appropriate terms. Next, discuss how they have either changed or remained the same in today’s culture.

“Are You Popular?” (1947)
One of the best examples of post-World War II social guidance films, with examples of "good" and "bad" girls, proper and improper dating etiquette, courtesy to parents, and an analysis of what makes some people popular and others not. A sobering document of postwar conformity.

“Dating: Do’s and Don’ts” (1949)
Classic instructional film for teen daters.

“What to do on a Date” (1950)
A high school senior learns how and where to ask a girl for a date, where to take her for a good time, and how to avoid spending too much money or being bored by commercialized amusements.

“A Date With Your Family” (1950)
Advises children to do whatever is necessary – even lie – to achieve harmonious family relations. This portrait of manners among the affluent places a premium on pleasant, unemotional behavior, and contains some interesting do's and don'ts sequences. Key line: "These boys treat their dad as though they were genuinely glad to see him, as though they really missed him..."

“How Do You Know It’s Love?” (1950)
Gives students a basis for thinking clearly about real love and shows that mere conviction of love is not enough to insure lasting happiness.

“Are You Ready for Marriage?” (1950)
Two teenagers, wishing to marry early, visit their minister for advice and receive counseling, some of it quite pragmatic, the rest a little strange.

“Going Steady?” (1951)
Attempts to provoke teens into discussion on the complex issue of going steady. Provides little support for the practice.

“How To Say ‘No’: Moral Maturity” (1951)
How to say no to unwanted smoking, drinking and petting, and still keep your friends.

“Beginning to Date” (1953)
An insecure young teen boy who has just reached dating age learns how to plan and enjoy a date (with a girl at least one foot taller than him).

“Sex Attitudes in Adolescence” (1953)

“Toward Emotional Security”  (1954)
A teenage girl reflects on her emotional growth, remembering episodes in which her love, fear, anger were not always under control, and decides not to go "park" with her boyfriend.

“How Much Affection?” (1958)
How far can young people go in petting and still stay within the bounds of personal standards and social mores?

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C. Summarize the main points and arguments presented by Karen Musalo in her article on female genital mutilation, "When Rights and Culture Collide." Do you agree with her position? Why or why not? Be certain that you provide definitions of the key concepts (cultural universalism, ethnocentrism, cultural relativity) that you use in your analysis.
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Discussion Topics
These are posted in the "Discussions" Section in Canvas

1. Provide an example of ethnocentrism and cultural relativity. Which of the two do you think tends to be exhibited by more people in the United States today?

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2. What are the main issues dividing people in the United States in the so-called “culture wars?” Which of the two sides do you think has the edge today? What makes you think so?

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3. In the summer of 2010 Brandon Stanton began to construct a photographic census of the inhabitants of New York City – which is arguably the most diverse city on the planet. Browse through his webpage, Humans of New York or his Facebook page. Watch his video and respond to the stunning diversity exhibited in his photographs. Does Texas have anything like this? Would Texans be receptive to diversity on this scale?

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4. This vintage ad for a cockroach racing game is a great reminder that what seems normal isn’t necessarily natural or inevitable.  Most Americans today would grimace at the idea of playing with cockroaches, as the insect is held up as an icon of filth and disease.  But sometime in the 1940s, someone at the International Mutoscope Reel Company thought this was a good idea!  (The company went bankrupt in 1949). Can you provide other examples of cultural fads that now seem absurd?

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5. Words are symbols that are given meaning by social actors. The word “argot” refers to the jargon or slang of a particular group or class that sets them apart from others. Have you ever heard the terms “the willies” or the “heebie-jeebies?” Each refers to an uneasy feeling  - sort of like having the “creeps.”

Take – for fun – the following matching quiz of “urban street slang” and “teen slang” (both from a while back). Which did you score highest on? Why? Provide a few examples of argot or slang that you might use with your friends or groups to which you belong.

URBAN STREET SLANG

(1) blow up;  verb                           

(2) buck;  verb                                             

(3) bust fresh;  verb
                                                                       
(4) diss;  verb                                                    

(5) cold chillin’;  noun                                  .

(6) dope;  verb
                                                                       
(7) flake;  verb

(8) getting run;  noun

(9) Herb; noun

(10) trip;  verb

URBAN STREET SLANG

(a) A good time.

(b) To make a lot of money, quickly, usually by selling illegal drugs

(c) To back down in an argument or retreat from a fight.

(d) A person who is easily intimidated or scared away;  a wimp.

(e) To fire a gun at someone.

(f) Having sex.

(g) To dress with great style.

(h) To treat disrespectfully;  insult;  snap.

(i) To lie.

(j) To treat deceitfully or insincerely.

TEEN SLANG

(1) beer goggles;  noun                               

(2) big white phone;  noun

(3) buzz crusher;  noun                                   

(4) crispy;  adjective
                                                                       
(5) doggin’;  noun

(6) fossil;  noun                                                 

(7) gobbing;  noun

(8) McPaper;  noun

(9) narbo;  noun

(10) tonsil hockey;  noun

 

TEEN SLANG

(a) A toilet bowl used for throwing up during a drinking binge.

(b) A college term paper written at the last minute and without much research or thought.

(c) An uninteresting person; square.

(d) A college student who has been on campus for a much longer time than might be expected.
 
(e) Passionate kissing.
                          
(f) Loss of judgment caused by drunkenness.

(g) Suffering from a hangover.

(h) A person who doesn’t go along with a  good time;  party pooper;  killjoy.

(i) A practice originating at punk rock  performances of spitting at a performer,   often as a sign of appreciation.

(j) Cheating on one’s partner.

Street Slang:  (1) b; (2) e; (3) g; (4) h; (5) a; (6) j; (7) c; (8) f; (9) d; (10) i

Teen Slang: (1) f; (2) a; (3) h; (4) g; (5) j; (6) d; (7) i; (8) b; (9) c; (10) e